So that you are not accused of plagiarism, you must inform the reader of every idea that is not yours. This includes what is in quotes as well as what is paraphrased. Though we often think of the author’s last name and the page number being the essential information to include in a parenthetical citation, let us remember the “foolproof” rule: the first word (as long as it isn’t “the” or similar articles) in the work cited entry should appear in the parentheses. When your source has page numbers (an article or book), you must also note the page on which you found that particular quote or information.
Example of a paraphrased parenthetical documentation:
Although some critics say that Blanche’s behavior can be explained by events in her past, others doubt whether it can be defended at all (da Ponte 56).
Example of a quoted parenthetical documentation when the author’s name is mentioned:
There is a contrast between the two sisters and a clash between Blanche and Stanley. Falk contends that they “represent two opposite views of life” (95).
If you cite two different authors in the same sentence, place the parenthetical citation immediately following the author’s ideas or quoted material. For example. . .
It is plain to see that literary critics vary widely in their assessment of the contradictory character, Blanche Dubois. Signi Falk sees Blanche as a “sexual deviate” (94) while Leonard Berkman contends that in her suffering, she attains the status of the Greek tragic hero, Oedipus (39).
When you quote someone who is quoted in a work that you’ve read, you must put his/her name first, then the word “in” and whatever would originally appear in a parenthetical citation based on the work cited entry:
Ancient rhetoricians elucidate all that is good and why, “good memory” can be described as “[a faculty] productive of advantages” (Aristotle in Perelman 63).
When the quotation you have chosen, when typed, exceeds four lines in your paper, you must then set it aside. The example below is not completely accurate since the wikispace textbox does not allow indentation. Each line of the blocked quotation must be indented and single-spaced, while the surrounding text is double spaced. The blocked is the one instance where quotations are not involved and the parenthetical citation occurs after the period.
The proceeding denouncement of modern prose reveals his astute connection between style and politics:
Things like the continuance of British rule in India, the Russian purges and deportations, [and] the dropping of the atom bombs on Japan, can indeed be defended, but only by arguments which are too brutal for most people to face, and which do not square with the professed aims of political parties. Thus political language has to consist largely of euphemism, question-begging, and sheer cloudy vagueness. (Orwell, 401)
Orwell’s blatant criticisms in this essay, matched with the mass deception that the fictitious government of Oceania practices in 1984, suggests this novel manifests his own frustration with the erroneous political practices of his time.
When you have researched two or more works by the same author, simply distinguish the work by including the first word of its title. Example of an author with two or more works cited
(Thomas, Lives 76)
When two authors have the same last name, distinguish them with the initial of their first name. When two of your work cited entries begin with the same word(s), simply list out the words until there is a distinguisher.
Example of authors with the same name: (C. Miller 63) (S. Miller 101-04)
Example of two similar work cited entries: (Introduction to Existential Theory) (Introduction to Existential Writers)
So that you are not accused of plagiarism, you must inform the reader of every idea that is not yours. This includes what is in quotes as well as what is paraphrased. Though we often think of the author’s last name and the page number being the essential information to include in a parenthetical citation, let us remember the “foolproof” rule: the first word (as long as it isn’t “the” or similar articles) in the work cited entry should appear in the parentheses. When your source has page numbers (an article or book), you must also note the page on which you found that particular quote or information.
Example of a paraphrased parenthetical documentation:
Although some critics say that Blanche’s behavior can be explained by events in her past, others doubt whether it can be defended at all (da Ponte 56).
Example of a quoted parenthetical documentation when the author’s name is mentioned:
There is a contrast between the two sisters and a clash between Blanche and Stanley. Falk contends that they “represent two opposite views of life” (95).
If you cite two different authors in the same sentence, place the parenthetical citation immediately following the author’s ideas or quoted material. For example. . .
It is plain to see that literary critics vary widely in their assessment of the contradictory character, Blanche Dubois. Signi Falk sees Blanche as a “sexual deviate” (94) while Leonard Berkman contends that in her suffering, she attains the status of the Greek tragic hero, Oedipus (39).
When you quote someone who is quoted in a work that you’ve read, you must put his/her name first, then the word “in” and whatever would originally appear in a parenthetical citation based on the work cited entry:
Ancient rhetoricians elucidate all that is good and why, “good memory” can be described as “[a faculty] productive of advantages” (Aristotle in Perelman 63).
When the quotation you have chosen, when typed, exceeds four lines in your paper, you must then set it aside. The example below is not completely accurate since the wikispace textbox does not allow indentation. Each line of the blocked quotation must be indented and single-spaced, while the surrounding text is double spaced. The blocked is the one instance where quotations are not involved and the parenthetical citation occurs after the period.
The proceeding denouncement of modern prose reveals his astute connection between style and politics:
Things like the continuance of British rule in India, the Russian purges and deportations, [and] the dropping of the atom bombs on Japan, can indeed be defended, but only by arguments which are too brutal for most people to face, and which do not square with the professed aims of political parties. Thus political language has to consist largely of euphemism, question-begging, and sheer cloudy vagueness. (Orwell, 401)
Orwell’s blatant criticisms in this essay, matched with the mass deception that the fictitious government of Oceania practices in 1984, suggests this novel manifests his own frustration with the erroneous political practices of his time.
When you have researched two or more works by the same author, simply distinguish the work by including the first word of its title. Example of an author with two or more works cited
(Thomas, Lives 76)
When two authors have the same last name, distinguish them with the initial of their first name. When two of your work cited entries begin with the same word(s), simply list out the words until there is a distinguisher.
Example of authors with the same name: (C. Miller 63) (S. Miller 101-04)
Example of two similar work cited entries: (Introduction to Existential Theory) (Introduction to Existential Writers)